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Air Pollution
NATIONAL AIR QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAMME (N.A.M.P.)
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Findings
The ambient air quality data is available in Environmental Data Bank software.
» Sulphur dioxide
· The levels of sulphur dioxide are within the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
· A decreasing trend has been observed in sulphur dioxide levels in residential areas of cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Lucknow, Bhopal etc., during last few years. The decreasing trend in sulphur dioxide levels may be due to various measures taken such as reduction of sulphur in diesel etc. and use of LPG instead of coal as domestic fuel. Also, conversion of diesel vehicles to CNG may have contributed to reduction in ambient SO2 levels
» Nitrogen dioxide
· The levels of nitrogen dioxide are within the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards in most of the cities.
· A decreasing trend has also been observed in nitrogen dioxide levels in residential areas of Bhopal, Solapur etc. during last few years. The decreasing trend in nitrogen dioxide levels may be due to various measures taken for vehicular pollution control such as stricter vehicular emission norms etc. Vehicles are one of the major sources of NO2 in the country. Trend in ambient NO2 is fluctuating in many cities despite steep increase in number of vehicles.
» Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter
· The levels of RSPM exceed the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards in most of the cities.
· One of the major source of high RSPM levels is vehicles. The vehicle population is increasing exponentially in many cities. This is the single major factor for high RSPM levels.
· A decreasing trend has also been observed in RSPM levels in cities like Solapur, Ahmedabad etc during last few years. Decreasing trend in RSPM levels may be due to various measures taken such as reduction of sulphur in diesel, stringent standard of particulate matter in diesel vehicles etc. Trend in ambient RSPM is fluctuating in many cities.
· The reason for high particulate matter levels may be vehicles, engine gensets, small scale industries, biomass incineration, boilers and emission from power plants, resuspension of traffic dust, commercial and domestic use of fuels, etc.
» Suspended Particulate Matter
· The levels of SPM exceed the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards in most of the cities.
· Trend in SPM is fluctuating in many cities. The sources of SPM include, vehicles, natural dust, industries such as thermal power plants, sugar, cement etc., resuspension of dust, refuse burning etc. Trend in annual average concentration of SPM is fluctuating in many cities.
· Lower levels of RSPM and SPM were observed during monsoon months possibly due to wet deposition. Higher levels of RSPM were observed during winter months possibly due to lower mixing heights and more calm conditions.
» Non-attainment CitiesCPCB has identified list of polluted cities in which the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) are violated. These cities have been identified based on ambient air quality data obtained (2008-2010) under National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). Action plans are being formulated and implemented to control air pollution in non-attainment cities by respective states.
LIST OF NON ATTAINMENT CITIES IN INDIAState Sl. no.
State/Union Territory
Cities Sl. No.
City
Major Sources of Pollution
Pollutants of Concern
1
Andhra Pradesh
1
Hyderabad
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
2
Kurnool
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
3
Patencheru
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
4
Ramagundam
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
5
Vijaywada
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
6
Vishakhapatnam
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
2
Assam
7
Golaghat
Industries , Vehicles
PM10
8
Guwahati
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
9
Tezpur
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
3
Bihar
10
Patna
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
4
Chandigarh
11
Chandigarh
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
5
Chattisgarh
12
Bhillai
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
13
Korba
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
14
Raipur
Industries;Vehicles
NO2, PM10
6
Delhi
15
Delhi
Natural Dust, Vehicles, Industries
NO2, PM10
7
Gujarat
16
Ahmedabad
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
17
Anklesvar
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
18
Jamnagar
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
19
Rajkot
Vehicles, Natural dust
PM10
20
Surat
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
21
Vadodara
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
22
Vapi
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
8
Haryana
23
Faridabad
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
24
Hissar
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
25
Yamunanagar
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
9
Himachal Pradesh
26
Baddi
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
27
Damtal
Vehicles, Industries , Natural Dust
PM10
28
Parwanoo
Industries , Vehicles , Natural Dust
PM10
29
Paonta Sahib
Vehicles, Industries , Natural Dust
PM10
10
Jammu & Kashmir
30
Jammu
Vehicles, Industries, Natural Dust
PM10
11
Jharkhand
31
Dhanbad
Industries , Vehicles
PM10
32
Jamshedpur
Industries, Vehicles
NO2, PM10
33
Jharia
Industries, Vehicles , Natural Dust
PM10
34
Ranchi
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
35
Sindri
Industries , Vehicles , Natural Dust
PM10
12
Karnataka
36
Bangalore
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
37
Gulburga
Vehicles, Industries, Natural dust
PM10
38
Hubli-Dharwad
Vehicles, Industries, Natural dust
PM10
13
Madhya Pradesh
39
Bhopal
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
40
Dewas
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
41
Gwalior
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
42
Indore
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
43
Jabalpur
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
44
Nagda
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
45
Sagar
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
46
Satna
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
47
Ujjain
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
14
Maharashtra
48
Amravati
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
49
Aurangabad
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
50
Chandrapur
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
51
Kolhapur
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
52
Pune
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
53
Mumbai
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
54
Nagpur
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
55
Nashik
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
56
Navi Mumbai
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
57
Solapur
Vehicles, Natural dust
PM10
15
Meghalaya
58
Shillong
Vehicles
PM10
16
Nagaland
59
Dimapur
Vehicles
PM10
17
Orissa
60
Angul
Industries , Vehicles , Natural dust
PM10
61
Bhubneshwar
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
62
Cuttack
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
63
Rourkela
Industries , Vehicles
PM10
64
Talcher
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
18
Punjab
65
Gobindgarh
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
66
Jalandar
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
67
Khanna
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
68
Ludhiana
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
69
Naya Nangal
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
19
Rajasthan
70
Alwar
Vehicles, Industries, Natural dust
PM10
71
Jaipur
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
72
Jodhpur
Vehicles, Industries, Natural Dust
PM10
73
Kota
Vehicles, Industries , Natural Dust
PM10
74
Udaipur
Vehicles, Industries , Natural dust
PM10
20
Tamilnadu
75
Coimbatore
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
76
Salem
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
77
Tuticorin
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
21
Uttar Pradesh
78
Agra
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
79
Allahabad
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
80
Anpara
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
81
Ferozabad
Industries , Vehicles
NO2, PM10
82
Ghaziabad
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
83
Jhansi
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
84
Kanpur
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
85
Khurja
Industries, Vehicles
PM10
86
Lucknow
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
87
Meerut
Vehicles, Industries
NO2, PM10
88
Noida
Vehicles, Industries, Natural dust
PM10
89
Varanasi
Vehicles, Industries
PM10
22
Uttarakhand
90
Dehradun
Vehicles, Industries, Natural dust
SO2, PM10
23
West Bengal
91
Asansol
Vehicles, Industries
NO2, PM10
92
Haldia
Industries , Vehicles
NO2
93
Durgapur
Industries, Vehicles
NO2, PM10
94
Howrah
Vehicles, Industries
NO2, PM10
95
Kolkata
Vehicles, Industries, Natural dust
NO2, PM10
23 States
95 Cities
(Non Attainment Cities)
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